{"id":9961,"date":"2026-07-27T17:39:05","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T09:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/?p=9961"},"modified":"2026-07-27T17:39:07","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T09:39:07","slug":"%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%82-%d0%b3%d0%b8%d0%b4%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%8b-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%82-%d0%b3%d0%b8%d0%b4%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bc%d1%8b-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d1%83%d0%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0420\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-themepark-block-themepark-wright content-super-p  blog-jiange\" style=\"font-size:17px;line-height:28px;color:#211c1c;padding:10px 20px;\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u0448\u0443\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b (\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b: \u201c\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u201d \u0438 \u201c\u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u00bb. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 (\u043c\u043c\/\u0441). \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f (OEM) \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1080\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HIOjy442Gco\" title=\"\u0423\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043a\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 V-P-T: \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u201cV-P-T\u201d (\u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430).<br>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (Pressure). \u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440.<br>\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433: \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b (Temperature). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a RTD, \u0432\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u0411\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043e\u043d\u00bb \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0435, \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b (\u0441\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 65 \u00b0C), \u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e.<br>\u0428\u0430\u0433 3: \u041e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e (Vibration). \u0412\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0438\u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d (GMF) \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0439, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c: \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vertical_Mill_Reducer_Dead_Hole_and_Solution_of_High_Frequency_Failure\"><\/span>\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430: \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c: \u201c\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u201d \u0438 \u201c\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0435\u201d. \u0412 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043c\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b.<br>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0443. \u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 3\u20134 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b 0,02 \u043c\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img title=\"High-Definition Comparison Images Of Contact Points On A Thrust Pad&apos;s Babbitt Lining. The Left Side Shows Severe Scuffing Or Smearing Marks, While The Right Side Displays Blue Markings Indicating Full Compliance With Contact Point Standards Following Manual Scraping.\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u041d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043a\u043e\u043c.\" class=\"wp-image-9963\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/pasted-image-20260727-092931-188.png 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f, \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0449\u0435\u0440\u0431 \u044d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044c\u0435\u0432, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0433.<br>\u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 (ISO 4406). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 ISO \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 18\/16\/13, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044c\u0435\u0432. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u044e\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e 3 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, ISO VG 320), \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (EP). \u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043a \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0422\u0438\u043f \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \/ \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/td><td>\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b<\/td><td>\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/td><td>\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>1X<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430)<\/td><td>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442&nbsp;<strong>1X<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 (2X, 3X), \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435.<\/td><td>\u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u041d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>1X, 2X<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442&nbsp;<strong>2X<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f&nbsp;<strong>1X \/ 2X<\/strong>&nbsp;\u041e\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/td><td>\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044b<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>GMF<\/strong>&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;<strong>1X \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442&nbsp;<strong>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441 (GMF)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e&nbsp;<strong>1X<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 GMF. \u041d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f 1X.<\/td><td>\u0421\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0451\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \/ \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>GMF<\/strong>&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;<strong>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0420\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0432&nbsp;<strong>GMF<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0433 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441.<\/td><td>\u0412\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 ISO 4406 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 18\/16\/13.&nbsp;<strong>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043a\u0443\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 3 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, ISO VG 320) \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (EP).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vertical_mill_hydraulic_system_pressure_drop_disease_and_pollution_control\"><\/span>\u0413\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0413\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u201c\u043c\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044b\u201d \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0415\u0451 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u2014 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430: \u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0423\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u201c\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u201d \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043f\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u201c\u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043d\u044b\u201c. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<br>\u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 60% \u0434\u043e 70% \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 60 \u0434\u043e 80 \u0431\u0430\u0440, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u044b\u0437\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043e\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0448\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0417\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u00ab\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0446\u0435\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c.<br>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 5%, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b (MPC) \u0434\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 15. \u041d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fixing_the_End_Dynamic_Load_Balancing_Doorways\"><\/span>\u0424\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430: \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u201c\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\u201d. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430.<br>\u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 30%, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 15 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 10%. \u0412 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445: \u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 2 \u0431\u0430\u0440; \u0432\u043e-\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 4,5 \u043c\u043c\/\u0441. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_7_Common_Hardcore_Questions_and_Answers_FAQ\"><\/span>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 7: \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0443 (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435. \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 0 \u0431\u0430\u0440. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0433\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u0412 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443: \u043f\u0443\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431 \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043f\u044c\u044e, \u0446\u0438\u0440\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 5 \u00b0C, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0451\u043d, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 \u043d\u0451\u043c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445, \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c), \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0448\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 1 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0448\u043d\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a) \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 ISO 10816, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (RMS) \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c 2,8 \u043c\u043c\/\u0441, 4,5 \u043c\u043c\/\u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 7,1 \u043c\u043c\/\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0430 (Shock Pulse) \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0448\u0438\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430 3 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u041f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0413\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 ISO 4406 (\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b 16\/14\/11) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 4 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u0440\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c; \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0435\u0451 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043a\u0438?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0420\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0448\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043a\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b (\u0441\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b), \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u00ab\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0439\u00bb \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"themepark_post_bcolor":"#f5f5f5","themepark_post_width":"1022px","themepark_post_img":"","themepark_post_img_po":"left","themepark_post_img_re":false,"themepark_post_img_cover":false,"themepark_post_img_fixed":false,"themepark_post_hide_title":false,"themepark_post_main_b":"","themepark_post_main_p":100,"themepark_paddingblock":false,"_geo_short_summary":"Expert guide to fixing vertical roller mill gearbox overheating and hydraulic system pressure drops. Master the V-P-T protocol to diagnose thrust pad wear, accumulator leaks, and vibration issues, preventing costly downtime and gear failures.","_geo_structured_desc":"This article provides an OEM-level troubleshooting guide for vertical roller mill (VRM) failures, focusing on gearbox (reducer) abnormalities (overheating, noise) and hydraulic system pressure drops. The core methodology is the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol, which isolates root causes by analyzing hydraulic pressure differentials, thrust pad temperature surges (over 65\u00b0C), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectra.\n\n**Gearbox (Reducer) Failure &amp; Solutions:**\n- Immediate root causes of burning thrust pads include oil film collapse from impact loads or material bed instability. Emergency response includes oil filter sampling for babbitt chips, immediate shutdown if found, and precise scraping to achieve 3-4 contact points per square centimeter and a 0.02mm height difference limit across thrust pads.\n- Planetary gear micropitting results from oil particle contamination and contact stress overload. Diagnosis uses ISO 4406 oil particle counts; an ISO code exceeding 18\/16\/13 indicates active abrasive wear. Field remediation involves using a 3-micron offline vacuum dehydration oil filter and switching to high-viscosity full-synthetic ISO VG 320 gear oil with EP additives. For visible peeling, chamfer edges to relieve stress and prevent crack propagation.\n- A detailed vibration spectrum correlation table is provided, linking defects (unbalance, misalignment, broken teeth, micropitting) to specific frequency patterns and corrective actions.\n\n**Hydraulic System Failures &amp; Solutions:**\n- Accumulator nitrogen leakage creates deceptive 'ghost vibrations' that can be misdiagnosed as reducer failure. The fix is to stop the mill and measure static nitrogen pre-charge pressure (must be 60-70% of working pressure, typically 60-80 bar). If hydraulic oil sprays from the valve core, the bladder is ruined and must be replaced with a new one lubricated with system-compatible hydraulic oil.\n- Proportional servo valve sticking is caused by varnish (paint film) from oil degradation. Diagnosis involves measuring the hysteresis curve of the servo valve coil; a lag rate above 5% indicates varnish locking. The remedy is an electrostatic oil filtration system to reduce the MPC index below 15, never using chemical solvents for flushing.\n\n**Post-Repair Dynamic Load Balancing:**\nAfter repair, a ladder loading process is mandatory. Start with 30% initial hydraulic tension, then increase by 10% increments, holding for 15 minutes each. Criteria for success: hydraulic cylinder pressure difference on the diagonal must be within 2 bar, and vibration velocity on the input\/output bearing housings must stay below 4.5 mm\/s.","_geo_faqs":"[{\"question\":\"How to safely test the nitrogen pressure of the vertical mill hydraulic system?\",\"answer\":\"Stop the hydraulic pump first, open the oil return check valve, and completely vent the oil cylinder pressure to an absolute 0 bar. Then connect the nitrogen charging test tool to the gas valve on top of the accumulator and read the static nitrogen pre-charge pressure. If the pressure is measured without complete pressure relief, the data is false and leakage points can be missed.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the reason for the high oil temperature of the vertical mill reducer?\",\"answer\":\"The most direct causes are: cooler tube bundle blockage by scale, reduced circulation due to aging flow of the oil pump, or dry friction of the thrust tile due to partial load. Check the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. If the difference falls below 5\u00b0C, the cooler is either seriously fouled or air-blocked, so arrange pickling or exhaust immediately.\"},{\"question\":\"How can the hydraulic cylinder fall down (slip cylinder) when the pump is stopped?\",\"answer\":\"This indicates serious internal oil flow in the cylinder or a poorly sealing hydraulic control check valve. Perform a pressure holding test: push the cylinder to height, lock it mechanically, then loosen the rod cavity oil pipe joint a seam. If oil drips, the piston seal is finished. If no oil leaks, remove and clean the pressure retaining valve on the control valve block.\"},{\"question\":\"How much is the vibration value of the vertical mill reducer normal?\",\"answer\":\"Per ISO 10816 for heavy-duty vertical mill reducers, an RMS vibration velocity below 2.8 mm\\\/s is excellent. 4.5 mm\\\/s is the alarm red line, and crossing 7.1 mm\\\/s requires immediate shutdown. Also monitor shock pulse peaks on the spectrogram, as they can expose microcracks in bearings up to 3 months earlier than overall vibration velocity standards.\"},{\"question\":\"What standard should the oil cleanliness of the hydraulic system of the vertical mill be controlled to?\",\"answer\":\"Oil cleanliness must meet or be cleaner than ISO 4406 code 16\\\/14\\\/11, since the system relies on highly sensitive proportional valves. If on-site sampling finds particles larger than 4 microns exceeding the standard, immediately run an external high-pressure circulation bypass oil filter truck until the standard is reached, otherwise the roller lifting cylinder will likely get stuck.\"},{\"question\":\"Can the thrust tile of the reducer be repaired on site if it is broken?\",\"answer\":\"Yes, but only for slight surface scratches. On-site masters can manually scrape and grind the babbitt alloy layer with a special scraper to restore oil grooves and high-precision contact surfaces. However, if the babbitt alloy falls off, delaminates over a large area, or melts at high temperature (burns), the entire set of thrust tiles must be sent to a professional repair shop for re-pouring babbitt alloy and ultrasonic flaw detection. This kind of hot repair cannot be done on the mill site.\"}]","_geo_key_points":"[\"Use the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol to isolate vertical mill faults: check hydraulic pressure difference, thrust pad RTD temperature (over 65\u00b0C is critical), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectrum.\",\"Thrust pad burning is caused by oil film collapse. On-site emergency repair requires scraping to 3-4 contact points per square cm and keeping tile height difference within 0.02mm.\",\"Planetary gear micropitting is diagnosed via ISO 4406 oil analysis; an ISO code above 18\\\/16\\\/13 demands immediate filtration and oil upgrade (ISO VG 320 with EP additives).\",\"Accumulator nitrogen leakage causes 'ghost vibration'\u2014pre-charge must be 60-70% of working pressure (typically 60-80 bar).\",\"Proportional servo valve sticking is often caused by varnish. Check hysteresis (over 5% indicates lock), and remediate with electrostatic filtration to reduce MPC index below 15.\",\"After repairs, always follow a ladder loading process: start with 30% hydraulic tension, increase by 10% every 15 minutes, and ensure diagonal pressure differential stays within 2 bar and vibration remains below 4.5 mm\\\/s.\",\"Vibration velocity RMS below 2.8 mm\\\/s is excellent, 4.5 mm\\\/s is the alarm limit, and 7.1 mm\\\/s demands immediate shutdown per ISO 10816.\",\"Oil cleanliness for the hydraulic system must meet or exceed ISO 4406 code 16\\\/14\\\/11 to prevent proportional valve sticking.\"]","_geo_target_audience":"Maintenance engineers, reliability specialists, and mill operators in cement, mining, and minerals processing industries who are responsible for troubleshooting and repairing vertical roller mill gearboxes and hydraulic systems. They need practical, OEM-level diagnostic procedures, emergency repair parameters, and preventive maintenance guidance to minimize unscheduled downtime and avoid catastrophic equipment failure.","_geo_content_type":"","_geo_last_modified":"2026-09-09T10:21:17+08:00","_geo_version":2,"themepark_seo_title":"Vertical Roller Mill Gearbox & Hydraulic System Fix Guide","themepark_seo_description":"Expert fixes for vertical roller mill gearbox overheating and hydraulic system pressure drops. Master the V-P-T protocol to diagnose thrust pad wear, accumulator leaks, and vibration issues, preventing costly downtime and gear failures.","footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"metadata":{"_edit_lock":["1785467724:4"],"rank_math_primary_category":["23"],"rank_math_seo_score":["10"],"views":["1052"],"_edit_last":["4"],"themepark_seo_title":["Vertical Roller Mill Gearbox & Hydraulic System Fix Guide"],"themepark_seo_description":["Expert fixes for vertical roller mill gearbox overheating and hydraulic system pressure drops. Master the V-P-T protocol to diagnose thrust pad wear, accumulator leaks, and vibration issues, preventing costly downtime and gear failures."],"themepark_seo_keyword":["Vertical Roller Mill Gearbox\uff0cVertical Roller Mill Hydraulic System"],"catce":["sidebar-widgets4"],"rank_math_og_content_image":["a:2:{s:5:\"check\";s:32:\"50f5eac811c24d4b92a4bd98e2d10619\";s:6:\"images\";a:1:{i:0;i:9963;}}"],"_geo_short_summary":["Expert guide to fixing vertical roller mill gearbox overheating and hydraulic system pressure drops. Master the V-P-T protocol to diagnose thrust pad wear, accumulator leaks, and vibration issues, preventing costly downtime and gear failures."],"_geo_structured_desc":["This article provides an OEM-level troubleshooting guide for vertical roller mill (VRM) failures, focusing on gearbox (reducer) abnormalities (overheating, noise) and hydraulic system pressure drops. The core methodology is the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol, which isolates root causes by analyzing hydraulic pressure differentials, thrust pad temperature surges (over 65\u00b0C), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectra.\n\n**Gearbox (Reducer) Failure &amp; Solutions:**\n- Immediate root causes of burning thrust pads include oil film collapse from impact loads or material bed instability. Emergency response includes oil filter sampling for babbitt chips, immediate shutdown if found, and precise scraping to achieve 3-4 contact points per square centimeter and a 0.02mm height difference limit across thrust pads.\n- Planetary gear micropitting results from oil particle contamination and contact stress overload. Diagnosis uses ISO 4406 oil particle counts; an ISO code exceeding 18\/16\/13 indicates active abrasive wear. Field remediation involves using a 3-micron offline vacuum dehydration oil filter and switching to high-viscosity full-synthetic ISO VG 320 gear oil with EP additives. For visible peeling, chamfer edges to relieve stress and prevent crack propagation.\n- A detailed vibration spectrum correlation table is provided, linking defects (unbalance, misalignment, broken teeth, micropitting) to specific frequency patterns and corrective actions.\n\n**Hydraulic System Failures &amp; Solutions:**\n- Accumulator nitrogen leakage creates deceptive 'ghost vibrations' that can be misdiagnosed as reducer failure. The fix is to stop the mill and measure static nitrogen pre-charge pressure (must be 60-70% of working pressure, typically 60-80 bar). If hydraulic oil sprays from the valve core, the bladder is ruined and must be replaced with a new one lubricated with system-compatible hydraulic oil.\n- Proportional servo valve sticking is caused by varnish (paint film) from oil degradation. Diagnosis involves measuring the hysteresis curve of the servo valve coil; a lag rate above 5% indicates varnish locking. The remedy is an electrostatic oil filtration system to reduce the MPC index below 15, never using chemical solvents for flushing.\n\n**Post-Repair Dynamic Load Balancing:**\nAfter repair, a ladder loading process is mandatory. Start with 30% initial hydraulic tension, then increase by 10% increments, holding for 15 minutes each. Criteria for success: hydraulic cylinder pressure difference on the diagonal must be within 2 bar, and vibration velocity on the input\/output bearing housings must stay below 4.5 mm\/s."],"_geo_faqs":["[{\"question\":\"How to safely test the nitrogen pressure of the vertical mill hydraulic system?\",\"answer\":\"Stop the hydraulic pump first, open the oil return check valve, and completely vent the oil cylinder pressure to an absolute 0 bar. Then connect the nitrogen charging test tool to the gas valve on top of the accumulator and read the static nitrogen pre-charge pressure. If the pressure is measured without complete pressure relief, the data is false and leakage points can be missed.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the reason for the high oil temperature of the vertical mill reducer?\",\"answer\":\"The most direct causes are: cooler tube bundle blockage by scale, reduced circulation due to aging flow of the oil pump, or dry friction of the thrust tile due to partial load. Check the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. If the difference falls below 5\u00b0C, the cooler is either seriously fouled or air-blocked, so arrange pickling or exhaust immediately.\"},{\"question\":\"How can the hydraulic cylinder fall down (slip cylinder) when the pump is stopped?\",\"answer\":\"This indicates serious internal oil flow in the cylinder or a poorly sealing hydraulic control check valve. Perform a pressure holding test: push the cylinder to height, lock it mechanically, then loosen the rod cavity oil pipe joint a seam. If oil drips, the piston seal is finished. If no oil leaks, remove and clean the pressure retaining valve on the control valve block.\"},{\"question\":\"How much is the vibration value of the vertical mill reducer normal?\",\"answer\":\"Per ISO 10816 for heavy-duty vertical mill reducers, an RMS vibration velocity below 2.8 mm\\\/s is excellent. 4.5 mm\\\/s is the alarm red line, and crossing 7.1 mm\\\/s requires immediate shutdown. Also monitor shock pulse peaks on the spectrogram, as they can expose microcracks in bearings up to 3 months earlier than overall vibration velocity standards.\"},{\"question\":\"What standard should the oil cleanliness of the hydraulic system of the vertical mill be controlled to?\",\"answer\":\"Oil cleanliness must meet or be cleaner than ISO 4406 code 16\\\/14\\\/11, since the system relies on highly sensitive proportional valves. If on-site sampling finds particles larger than 4 microns exceeding the standard, immediately run an external high-pressure circulation bypass oil filter truck until the standard is reached, otherwise the roller lifting cylinder will likely get stuck.\"},{\"question\":\"Can the thrust tile of the reducer be repaired on site if it is broken?\",\"answer\":\"Yes, but only for slight surface scratches. On-site masters can manually scrape and grind the babbitt alloy layer with a special scraper to restore oil grooves and high-precision contact surfaces. However, if the babbitt alloy falls off, delaminates over a large area, or melts at high temperature (burns), the entire set of thrust tiles must be sent to a professional repair shop for re-pouring babbitt alloy and ultrasonic flaw detection. This kind of hot repair cannot be done on the mill site.\"}]"],"_geo_key_points":["[\"Use the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol to isolate vertical mill faults: check hydraulic pressure difference, thrust pad RTD temperature (over 65\u00b0C is critical), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectrum.\",\"Thrust pad burning is caused by oil film collapse. On-site emergency repair requires scraping to 3-4 contact points per square cm and keeping tile height difference within 0.02mm.\",\"Planetary gear micropitting is diagnosed via ISO 4406 oil analysis; an ISO code above 18\\\/16\\\/13 demands immediate filtration and oil upgrade (ISO VG 320 with EP additives).\",\"Accumulator nitrogen leakage causes 'ghost vibration'\u2014pre-charge must be 60-70% of working pressure (typically 60-80 bar).\",\"Proportional servo valve sticking is often caused by varnish. Check hysteresis (over 5% indicates lock), and remediate with electrostatic filtration to reduce MPC index below 15.\",\"After repairs, always follow a ladder loading process: start with 30% hydraulic tension, increase by 10% every 15 minutes, and ensure diagonal pressure differential stays within 2 bar and vibration remains below 4.5 mm\\\/s.\",\"Vibration velocity RMS below 2.8 mm\\\/s is excellent, 4.5 mm\\\/s is the alarm limit, and 7.1 mm\\\/s demands immediate shutdown per ISO 10816.\",\"Oil cleanliness for the hydraulic system must meet or exceed ISO 4406 code 16\\\/14\\\/11 to prevent proportional valve sticking.\"]"],"_geo_target_audience":["Maintenance engineers, reliability specialists, and mill operators in cement, mining, and minerals processing industries who are responsible for troubleshooting and repairing vertical roller mill gearboxes and hydraulic systems. They need practical, OEM-level diagnostic procedures, emergency repair parameters, and preventive maintenance guidance to minimize unscheduled downtime and avoid catastrophic equipment failure."],"_geo_manual_overrides":["[\"_geo_short_summary\",\"_geo_structured_desc\",\"_geo_faqs\",\"_geo_key_points\",\"_geo_target_audience\"]"],"_geo_last_modified":["2026-09-09T10:21:17+08:00"],"_geo_version":["2"],"_geo_has_data":["1"],"_geo_ai_search_text":["Vertical Roller Mill Gearbox &amp; Hydraulic System Fix\nExpert guide to fixing vertical roller mill gearbox overheating and hydraulic system pressure drops. Master the V-P-T protocol to diagnose thrust pad wear, accumulator leaks, and vibration issues, preventing costly downtime and gear failures.\nThis article provides an OEM-level troubleshooting guide for vertical roller mill (VRM) failures, focusing on gearbox (reducer) abnormalities (overheating, noise) and hydraulic system pressure drops. The core methodology is the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol, which isolates root causes by analyzing hydraulic pressure differentials, thrust pad temperature surges (over 65\u00b0C), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectra.\n\n**Gearbox (Reducer) Failure &amp; Solutions:**\n- Immediate root causes of burning thrust pads include oil film collapse from impact loads or material bed instability. Emergency response includes oil filter sampling for babbitt chips, immediate shutdown if found, and precise scraping to achieve 3-4 contact points per square centimeter and a 0.02mm height difference limit across thrust pads.\n- Planetary gear micropitting results from oil particle contamination and contact stress overload. Diagnosis uses ISO 4406 oil particle counts; an ISO code exceeding 18\/16\/13 indicates active abrasive wear. Field remediation involves using a 3-micron offline vacuum dehydration oil filter and switching to high-viscosity full-synthetic ISO VG 320 gear oil with EP additives. For visible peeling, chamfer edges to relieve stress and prevent crack propagation.\n- A detailed vibration spectrum correlation table is provided, linking defects (unbalance, misalignment, broken teeth, micropitting) to specific frequency patterns and corrective actions.\n\n**Hydraulic System Failures &amp; Solutions:**\n- Accumulator nitrogen leakage creates deceptive 'ghost vibrations' that can be misdiagnosed as reducer failure. The fix is to stop the mill and measure static nitrogen pre-charge pressure (must be 60-70% of working pressure, typically 60-80 bar). If hydraulic oil sprays from the valve core, the bladder is ruined and must be replaced with a new one lubricated with system-compatible hydraulic oil.\n- Proportional servo valve sticking is caused by varnish (paint film) from oil degradation. Diagnosis involves measuring the hysteresis curve of the servo valve coil; a lag rate above 5% indicates varnish locking. The remedy is an electrostatic oil filtration system to reduce the MPC index below 15, never using chemical solvents for flushing.\n\n**Post-Repair Dynamic Load Balancing:**\nAfter repair, a ladder loading process is mandatory. Start with 30% initial hydraulic tension, then increase by 10% increments, holding for 15 minutes each. Criteria for success: hydraulic cylinder pressure difference on the diagonal must be within 2 bar, and vibration velocity on the input\/output bearing housings must stay below 4.5 mm\/s.\nUse the V-P-T (Vibration, Pressure, Temperature) protocol to isolate vertical mill faults: check hydraulic pressure difference, thrust pad RTD temperature (over 65\u00b0C is critical), and gear mesh frequency (GMF) vibration spectrum. Thrust pad burning is caused by oil film collapse. On-site emergency repair requires scraping to 3-4 contact points per square cm and keeping tile height difference within 0.02mm. Planetary gear micropitting is diagnosed via ISO 4406 oil analysis; an ISO code above 18\/16\/13 demands immediate filtration and oil upgrade (ISO VG 320 with EP additives). Accumulator nitrogen leakage causes 'ghost vibration'\u2014pre-charge must be 60-70% of working pressure (typically 60-80 bar). Proportional servo valve sticking is often caused by varnish. Check hysteresis (over 5% indicates lock), and remediate with electrostatic filtration to reduce MPC index below 15. After repairs, always follow a ladder loading process: start with 30% hydraulic tension, increase by 10% every 15 minutes, and ensure diagonal pressure differential stays within 2 bar and vibration remains below 4.5 mm\/s. Vibration velocity RMS below 2.8 mm\/s is excellent, 4.5 mm\/s is the alarm limit, and 7.1 mm\/s demands immediate shutdown per ISO 10816. Oil cleanliness for the hydraulic system must meet or exceed ISO 4406 code 16\/14\/11 to prevent proportional valve sticking.\nHow to safely test the nitrogen pressure of the vertical mill hydraulic system?\nStop the hydraulic pump first, open the oil return check valve, and completely vent the oil cylinder pressure to an absolute 0 bar. Then connect the nitrogen charging test tool to the gas valve on top of the accumulator and read the static nitrogen pre-charge pressure. If the pressure is measured without complete pressure relief, the data is false and leakage points can be missed.\nWhat is the reason for the high oil temperature of the vertical mill reducer?\nThe most direct causes are: cooler tube bundle blockage by scale, reduced circulation due to aging flow of the oil pump, or dry friction of the thrust tile due to partial load. Check the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. If the difference falls below 5\u00b0C, the cooler is either seriously fouled or air-blocked, so arrange pickling or exhaust immediately.\nHow can the hydraulic cylinder fall down (slip cylinder) when the pump is stopped?\nThis indicates serious internal oil flow in the cylinder or a poorly sealing hydraulic control check valve. Perform a pressure holding test: push the cylinder to height, lock it mechanically, then loosen the rod cavity oil pipe joint a seam. If oil drips, the piston seal is finished. If no oil leaks, remove and clean the pressure retaining valve on the control valve block.\nHow much is the vibration value of the vertical mill reducer normal?\nPer ISO 10816 for heavy-duty vertical mill reducers, an RMS vibration velocity below 2.8 mm\/s is excellent. 4.5 mm\/s is the alarm red line, and crossing 7.1 mm\/s requires immediate shutdown. Also monitor shock pulse peaks on the spectrogram, as they can expose microcracks in bearings up to 3 months earlier than overall vibration velocity standards.\nWhat standard should the oil cleanliness of the hydraulic system of the vertical mill be controlled to?\nOil cleanliness must meet or be cleaner than ISO 4406 code 16\/14\/11, since the system relies on highly sensitive proportional valves. If on-site sampling finds particles larger than 4 microns exceeding the standard, immediately run an external high-pressure circulation bypass oil filter truck until the standard is reached, otherwise the roller lifting cylinder will likely get stuck.\nCan the thrust tile of the reducer be repaired on site if it is broken?\nYes, but only for slight surface scratches. On-site masters can manually scrape and grind the babbitt alloy layer with a special scraper to restore oil grooves and high-precision contact surfaces. However, if the babbitt alloy falls off, delaminates over a large area, or melts at high temperature (burns), the entire set of thrust tiles must be sent to a professional repair shop for re-pouring babbitt alloy and ultrasonic flaw detection. This kind of hot repair cannot be done on the mill site.\nMaintenance engineers, reliability specialists, and mill operators in cement, mining, and minerals processing industries who are responsible for troubleshooting and repairing vertical roller mill gearboxes and hydraulic systems. They need practical, OEM-level diagnostic procedures, emergency repair parameters, and preventive maintenance guidance to minimize unscheduled downtime and avoid catastrophic equipment failure."]},"views":1052,"medium_url":false,"thumbnail_url":false,"full_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9961"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9965,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9961\/revisions\/9965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9961"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9961"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clirik.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9961"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}